https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12809/257 2026-04-20T01:48:15Z https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12809/11070 Improving the nutritional quality of cereals and legumes by germination Şenlik, Ayşe Seda; Alkan, Derya Cereal and legume grains are germinated to improve their nutritional and sensory qualities. This study investigated the effect of germination on the physicochemical properties of some grains and legumes grown in Turkiye. At the end of the germination for 48 h and 96 h at 24 +/- 1 degrees C, carbohydrate, protein, lipid, dietary fibre, dry matter, ash, total phenolic content, antioxidant capacity and colour analyses of the germinated grains were determined. The results indicated that the germina-tion process increased the phenolic content of all samples. The legume seeds' 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity significantly increased with germination. The germination process significantly decreased the total car-bohydrate contents of the samples. A statistically significant decrease was found for the protein content of barley and corn, especially by 48 h of germination. The lipid content of cereal grains decreased as germination progressed. It might be reco-mmended to improve the functional properties of cereals and legumes by germination and their use in the food industry. 2023-01-01T00:00:00Z https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12809/10580 Microbiological quality and nutritional values of honey bee pollen Çelik, Mehtap; Öncül, Nilgün The present study was aimed at examining the microbiological, physicochemical, and antioxidant properties of bee pollen samples collected from beekeepers in western Turkey. The results ranged between 2.24-6.87 log CFU/g, 1.98-3.77 log CFU/g, <1.00-2.51 log CFU/g, 4.19-5.30 log CFU/g, and 1.98-3.74 log MPN/g for total mesophilic aerobic bacteria, yeasts, molds, lactic acid bacteria, and total coliform, respectively. S. aureus was under detectable level. Salmonella spp. and E. coli O157:H7 were not detected in the pollen samples. The mean value of the dry matter, ash, titratable acid, pH, ascorbic acid, total carbohydrate, protein, fat, total phenolic content, FRAP, and TEAC of the bee pollen samples were 76.760%, 1.993%, 3.376%, 4.52, 32.047 mg/100g, 5.394 mg/g, 27.609 mg/g, 5.519%, 4.664 mg GAE/g, 29.644 mu mol Trolox/g, and 1.736 mu mol Trolox/g, respectively. The color values of the tested pollens were 56.923, 7.556, 26.456, 27.604, and 74.138 for L*, a*, b*, C*, and H*, respectively. Although the samples were collected mainly from one province (Mug. la) of the Aegean Region (a geographical region by the Mediterranean Sea), a significant variation in the pollen compositions was observed. 2023-01-01T00:00:00Z https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12809/9764 Yüksek Doz A, D, E ve K Vitamini Uygulamalarının Prematüre Komplikasyonları Üzerine Etkisi Akçay, Buse; Derya, Alkan Prematüre doğumlar tüm dünyada neonatal mortalite ve morbidite nedenlerinin başında gelmektedir. Prematürebebeklerde nekrotizan enterokolit, neonatal sepsis, apne, hipoglisemi, hipotermi, hastaneye sık yatış, neonatalpnömoni, kanama ve beslenme sorunları sıklıkla görülen komplikasyonlardır. Bu nedenle prematüre bebekler sıkaralıklarla izlenmeli ve ortaya çıkabilecek komplikasyonlara karşı korunmalıdır. Bazı vitaminlerkomplikasyonların önlenmesinde, bazı dokuların gelişiminde ve işlevinde oldukça önemlidir. A, D, E ve K gibivitaminlerin spesifik etkilerinin olduğu düşüncesi vitamin desteklerine olan ilgiyi artırmış ve farklı dozuygulamalar ile çalışmaların yapılmasını sağlamıştır. Kemik sağlığı üzerine yapılan, yüksek doz D vitaminiuygulanan çalışmalarda sonuçlar çelişkilidir. Yenidoğanlarda intestinal mikroorganizma florası tam olarakgelişmediğinden K vitamini yetersizliği ve sonucunda kanamalar görülebilmektedir. Pratikte hekimlerin gerekliduyduğu durumlarda K vitamini uygulanmakta, ülkemizde yenidoğanlarda rutin kullanımı bulunmamaktadır.Bununla birlikte erken doğmuş bebeklerde doğumda K vitamini profilaksisine yönelik öneriler, dozaj veuygulamalar büyük farklılıklar göstermektedir. Prematüre bebeklerin doğumda A vitamini deposu yoktur. Avitamini eksikliği prematüre bebeklerde kronik akciğer hastalığı gelişme riskini arttırmaktadır. E vitaminininyenidoğanlarda görülen solunum bozukluklarını ve E vitamininden fakir mamalarla beslenen prematürebebeklerde ödem ve anemi gelişimini engelleyebileceği düşünülmektedir. Bazı çalışmalarda, yüksek doz Evitamini verilen bebeklerde kanama riskinde azalma görülmüş olsa da yüksek doz E vitamini kullanımı ile ilgilidaha çok veriye ihtiyaç vardır. Bu çalışmada prematüre bebeklerde oluşabilecek komplikasyonların önlenmesi vebu komplikasyonların tedavisi için yüksek doz vitamin uygulamalarının sonuçları derlenmiştir.; Premature births are the leading causes of neonatal mortality and morbidity worldwide. Necrotizing enterocolitis, neonetal sepsis, apnea, hypoglycemia, hypothermia, frequent hospitalization, neonetal pneumonia, bleeding and nutritional problems are common complications in premature babies. For this reason, premature babies should be monitored frequently and protected against possible complications. Some vitamins are very important in preventing complications, in the development and function of some tissues. The idea that certain vitamins, such as A, D, E, and K, have specific effects, increased the interest in vitamin supplements and provided studies with different dose applications. There is a positive correlation between the vitamin D values of mothers and babies. For this reason, supplementation of appropriate doses of vitamin D in the last trimester of pregnancy is routine in many countries. In studies on high doses of vitamin D on bone health, the results are contradictory. Since intestinal microorganism flora is not fully developed in newborns, vitamin K deficiency and consequently bleeding can be seen. In practice, vitamin K is applied when physicians need it, and there is no routine use in newborns in our country. However, recommendations, dosage and applications for vitamin K prophylaxis at birth show great differences in preterm babies. Premature babies do not have a vitamin A store at birth. Vitamin A deficiency increases the risk of developing chronic lung disease in premature babies. It is thought that vitamin E may prevent the respiratory disorders in newborn and the development of edema anemia in premature babies fed with foods that are poor in vitamin E. According to some studies, decrease in the risk of bleeding was observed in babies who were given high-dose vitamin E, but more studies are needed for the use of high-dose vitamin E. In this study, the results of high-dose vitamin applications for the prevention of complications that may occur in premature babies and for the treatment of these complications are reviewed. 2021-01-01T00:00:00Z https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12809/9696 Microbiological, antimicrobial and antioxidant characteristics of commercial Turkish kefirs Öncül, Nilgün; Özbey, Ayşe; Erinç, Hakan; Yıldırım, Zeliha In this study, the microbiological properties, physicochemical characteristics, antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of Turkish commercial kefir products were investigated. The enumeration of Lactococci, aerobic lactobacilli, anaerobic lactobacilli, acetic acid bacteria (AAB) and yeast were performed by spread plate technique and counted as 7.35, 6.62, 6.85, 6.24 and 2.35 log CFU/g, respectively. Antimicrobial activity of kefir was evaluated using the disk diffusion method. Ten microorganisms, including seven Grampositive strains and three Gram-negative strains were tested. While Listeria monocytogenes, L. ivanovii and Escherichia coli were the sensitive bacteria for all kefir samples, L. plantarum, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus and E. coli O157:H7 are the resistant bacteria. The means of pH, total phenolic content, Trolox Equivalent Antioxidant Capacity (TEAC) and lipid peroxidation were 4.03, 4.39 mg GAE/100mL, 0.15 mu mol Trolox/mL and 7.23%, respectively. From the beneficial health properties point of view, kefir appears to be a promising food. 2021-01-01T00:00:00Z