Beslenme ve Diyetetik Bölümü Koleksiyonu

Functional Constipation in Elderly and Related Determinant Risk Factors: Malnutrition and Dietary Intake

Sat, 01 Jan 2022 00:00:00 GMT

Functional Constipation in Elderly and Related Determinant Risk Factors: Malnutrition and Dietary Intake Depboylu Yurtdaş, Gamze; Tek Acar, Nilüfer; Akbulut, Gamze; Günel, Zerin; Kamanlı, Betül Aim The objective of this study was to evaluate the relationship between FC and physical activity, dietary intake and malnutrition in the elderly. Method A cross-sectional study was conducted on 883 adults aged >65 years from nursing homes and community health centers in Turkey. Constipation status was evaluated according to Rome IV criteria and Bristol Stool Form Scale. Dietary intake was assessed using a food consumption record (24-hour food recall). The dietary energy and nutrients were analyzed using the "Nutrition Information Systems Package Program". The nutritional status of participants was evaluated using the Mini-Nutritional Assessment (MNA) test. The International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ, short form) was used to assess physical activity status. Results Among the 883 participants, 29.6% were classified into the FC group (32.2% of females, 25.8% of males). The FC group had significantly lower total energy, fluid, water, protein, carbohydrate, magnesium, zinc, phosphorus, potassium, soluble fiber, insoluble fiber, total fiber, and fiber (g)/1000 kcal intake than the non-FC group (p < 0.05). The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that total dietary fiber intake was significantly associated with a lower prevalence of FC (OR: 0.98, 95% Cl: 0.96-0.99). According to MNA, participants at risk of malnutrition (OR: 5.21, 95% Cl: 3.09-9.77) and malnourished participants (OR: 3.03, 95% Cl: 1.62-5.68) had a greater likelihood of FC compared with normal participants. Participants in the middle lower quartile of water intake (OR: 0.63, 95% CI: 0.42-0.95) had a decreased likelihood of FC compared with participants in the lowest quartile. Conclusion FC is a common gastrointestinal disorder among the elderly in Turkey. Low dietary fiber intake, low water intake and malnutrition were important risk factors associated with FC in the elderly.

Comparison of aroma, aroma-active, and phenolic compounds of crude and refined hazelnut oils

Fri, 01 Jan 2021 00:00:00 GMT

Comparison of aroma, aroma-active, and phenolic compounds of crude and refined hazelnut oils Kesen, Songül; Sönmezdağ, Ahmet Salih; Kelebek, Haşim; Selli, Serkan Hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.) is an important shelled nut with its pleasant aroma. The refining process causes significant changes in the quality attributes of hazelnut oil. The aim of this study was to assess the aroma, aroma-active, and phenolic compounds of the crude and refined hazelnut oils by using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS), GC–MS-olfactometry (GC–MS-O), and liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS). The antioxidant capacities were also determined by DPPH and ABTS methods. Results showed that terpenes and aldehydes constituted a significant portion of the aroma profile. Refining process dramatically reduced the numbers (from 63 to 25) and amounts of aroma compounds (from 36,769 to 4461 μg/kg). Similarly, the numbers of aroma-active compounds were reduced from 22 to 8 by the refining process. Their flavor dilution factors ranged from 2 to 1024 for crude oil and from 2 to 32 in the refined oil. As of the phenolics, five and two compounds were quantified in the crude and refined oil samples, respectively. In sum, the refining process had a considerable adverse effect on the aroma, aroma-active, and phenolic constituents of the hazelnut oil; hence, the refining process has to be planned with minimal negative effect on its organoleptic properties.

Elucidation of retro- and orthonasal aroma differences in biscuits (panis biscoctus) using artificial masticator

Fri, 01 Jan 2021 00:00:00 GMT

Elucidation of retro- and orthonasal aroma differences in biscuits (panis biscoctus) using artificial masticator Sönmezdağ, Ahmet Salih; Cataneo, Clement; Rannou, Cécile; Selli, Serkan; Prost, Carole The present study aimed to define the interest in using a mastication simulator to understand the release of aroma compounds of biscuits in the mouth. The development of aroma compounds during artificial, human mastication and without masticated samples of veritable biscuits was determined. Then, the evaluations of aroma compounds in different types of biscuits were studied. A total of 32 compounds were identified in the veritable sample while 36 were identified in both sugar-free and organic samples. The aldehydes and pyrazines were the main chemical groups in the samples. The number of aroma compounds in the biscuit samples revealed essential changes during mastication and increased about 2.5 times. Additionally, the presence of artificial and human saliva showed a similar effect. They increased the number of volatiles while influencing some volatile groups either by increasing the quantity of ketones or decreasing acids, alcohols, and aldehydes. Novelty impact statement: The aroma of biscuits overwhelmingly effects consumer behavior. Hence, the improvements ingredients and manipulation in biscuits have become increasingly important. The artificial mouth would be particularly useful to study whether there is a difference between orthonasal and retronasal perception of dry and starch-rich foods.

Nadir Görülen 48,XXYY sendromlu Olgu

Mon, 01 Jan 2018 00:00:00 GMT

Nadir Görülen 48,XXYY sendromlu Olgu Oral, Diclehan; Şimşek, Selda; Türkyılmaz, Ayşegül; Yücel, İlyas; İsi, Hilmi Klinefeltersendromu ilk tanımlanan kromozom bozukluğu olup temel olarak hipergonadotropikhipogonadizm ve önükoid vücut yapısı ile karakterizedir. Sıklığı 500-1000 canlı doğumda birdir. Klinefelter sendromunun genel özelliklerini uzun boy, önükoid vücut yapısı, jinekomasti, azalmış testis volümü, yetersiz yüz ve pubik kıllanma, kişilik ve davranış problemleri olarak sıralayabiliriz. 47, XXY karyotipi olguların % 80’inde, 47, XXY dışı sayısal kromozom bozuklukları ise tüm olguların %20’sinde gözlenmektedir. 48, XXYY sendromu nadir görülen bir seks kromozom bozukluğudur. Bazı bulguları ile Klinefelter sendromuna (47,XXY) benzemekle birlikte, nöropsikiatrik belirtiler ve bir takım fenotipik bulgular farklılık göstermektedir. Bu çalışmada klinik değerlendirme ve sitogenetik analizle 48,XXYY sendromu tanısı konan bir olgu sunulmuştur. Bu olgu sunumunda hipergonadotropikhipogonadizm ve uzun boy nedeniyle kliniğimize başvuran ve konvansiyonel sitogenetik analiz sonucunda karyotipi 48, XXYY olarak saptanan Klinefelter sendromlu bir hastanın klinik ve laboratuar bulguları litaratür bilgileri ile sunulmuştur.; Klinefelter syndrome, the first described chromosomal abnormality, is characterized with hypergonadotrophic hypogonadism and eunuchoid body habitus. Its prevalence is one in 500-1000 live births. The general abnormalities of Klinefelter syndrome are tall stature, eunuchoid body habitus, gynecomastia, decreased testis volume, sparse facial and pubic hair, personality and behaviourial problems. 47, XXY karyotype is detected in 80% of the patients, 20% of the patients have another numerical chromosomal abnormality among all patients. 48,XXYY syndrome is a rare sex chromosome abnormality. Although some physical features are similar to Klinefelter syndrome(47,XXY), 48,XXYY is typically associated with different neuropsyhciatric symptoms and phenotypic findings. In this report, a patient who was diagnosed with 48,XXYY syndrome with clincal evaluation and cytogenetic analysis is presented . In this case report we present clinical and laboratory findings of a Klinefelter syndrome patient, who came to our clinic because of hypergonadotropic hypogonadism and tall stature, and was found to have 48, XXYY karyotype on conventional cytogenetic analyse.