Environmental monitoring on the landfill of solid domestic wastes of the town Kentau

Abstract

The article presents the results of an analysis of environmental problems arising from the disposal and operation of solid domestic waste landfills. The most important of them can be a negative impact of landfill on the state of environmental medium in the area of its location. The result of this impact is the degradation of the existing ecosystem, namely soils, groundwater, atmospheric air, vegetation. Pollution of environment can hurt the life of biological resources, including human resources. The results of experimental studies have been presented on the qualitative and quantitative composition of greenhouse gases (methane, carbon dioxide) and other toxic gaseous substances (nitrogen dioxide, nitric oxide, soot, sulfurous anhydride, carbon monoxide, formaldehyde, hydrogen sulfide, ammonia, xylene, toluene, ethylbenzene) released to the atmosphere from the landfill surface of the town Kentau. Based on the experimental measurement of the landfill territory, it was determined that there is no radiation pollution above the maximum permissible level. An average morphological composition of solid domestic waste is identified. A significant part of the fractional components of SDW is represented by a wide variety of organic and synthetic materials. Ashes (46%), manure (20%), bones of domestic animals (11%), paper and textiles (6%) are considered as basic fractional groups. A conclusion is made on the expediency of regular environmental monitoring for taking measures to protect the environment and the rational use of valuable components of waste as secondary raw materials. © 2019, National Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Kazakhstan. All rights reserved.