This article reports the effects of air gap on insulation thickness and life cycle costs for different diameter steel pipes. The life cycle cost analysis based on heat degree days is used as a calculation method. Under ...

This study aims to optimize the thickness of the insulation layer in the pipes made of different materials for HVAC pipe applications. The pipes used are made of steel, plastic and copper. In case of using some fuel types ...

The energy saving and the environmental impacts' reduction in the world building sector have gained great importance. Therefore, great efforts have been invested to create energy-saving green buildings. To do so, one of ...

In this study, the optimum insulation thickness of pipes used in district heating pipeline networks, energy savings over a lifetime of 10 years, and payback periods are calculated for the five different pipe sizes and four ...