https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12809/212 Sat, 18 Apr 2026 11:00:10 GMT 2026-04-18T11:00:10Z https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12809/11023 Mass movement evaluation in deformed clastic rock with InSAR technique Gül, Murat; Bayık, Çağlar; Abdikan, Saygın This study uses multitemporal InSAR images to assess different types of mass movements occurring in the Seydikemer (Mugla, SW Turkiye) district. A major highway connecting the Fethiye district and Antalya province and numerous small settlements of various sizes are found in the study area. In terms of summer tourism, they are Turkiye's most well-known locations. Since the 1960s, at least according to official records, mass movements in this area have been known to negatively impact human life. Some areas have even been declared disaster zones for this reason. However, the movement's size, type, and susceptibility to landslides have all been studied in the last 10-15 years. With satellite images and field studies, distinctive lobate-shaped movements were classified as inactive and active. During fieldwork, characteristic features such as rough topography and bending trees were easily observed and indicated extremely slow and large-scale movement. In this study, it was found that movement less than 7-8 mm/year could be classified as 'extremely slow' mass movement like a 'creep', and moving up to 43 mm/year was evaluated as 'very slow' movement and 'earth slide' on a rigid surface. The examined moving masses with lobate geometry are activated by natural factors such as valley slope direction, stream bed flow direction, erosion of the toe of the river valleys, earthquakes, excessive precipitation, or human activities such as road opening. This study is aimed to evaluating different types of mass movements developing in the Seydikemer (Mugla, Turkiye) district by using multitemporal InSAR. It has been determined that moving masses with lobate geometry are activated because of natural factors such as valley slope direction, stream bed flow direction, erosion of the toe of the river valleys, earthquakes, excessive precipitation, or human activities such as road opening, which can be classified as earthflow if they do not encounter an obstacle Sun, 01 Jan 2023 00:00:00 GMT https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12809/11023 2023-01-01T00:00:00Z https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12809/11006 The 12 November 2017 Mw 7.4 earthquake in Sarpol-e-Zahab (Iran–Iraq): a complex fault rupture in the Zagros Mountains Saleh M; Meghraoui M.; Çetin, Esra On 12 November 2017, the NW–SE-trending fold-and-thrust Zagros Mountains (Iran–Iraq) border region experienced a large (Mw 7.4) and damaging earthquake. Using seismotectonic investigations coupled with InSAR and GPS data analysis, we test several scenarios of coseismic deformation associated with either a west-dipping high angle (76°) backthrust fault geometry or a gently (~ 16°) east dipping earthquake rupture. Apparently, no surface rupture was observed and with the local Iranian seismic network the mainshock is at 18 ± 2 km depth, in agreement with IPGP, GCMT, USGS GFZ and IRSC locations. Interferograms obtained from both ascending and descending Sentinel-1A–1B images show NNW-SSE-trending deformation lobes with uplift of up to 0.9 m in the WSW hanging block and subsidence of ~ 0.4 m in the ENE footwall. The thrust focal mechanisms of the mainshock being all comparable, the forward and best-fit inversion model concur with the WSW block uplift and backthrust geometry, reaching ~ 11 m coseismic slip at depth. Any forthcoming seismic hazard models for this plate boundary need to consider a segmented Zagros fold-and-thrust belt with major earthquakes on backthrust seismogenic faults. Sun, 01 Jan 2023 00:00:00 GMT https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12809/11006 2023-01-01T00:00:00Z https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12809/10980 Tracing the protoliths of the garnet amphibolitic and retrogressed eclogitic slices and a conceptual tectonic model for their emplacement onto the Central Menderes Massif, Turkey: New geochemical data and laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry U-Pb zircon and rutile ages Gürsu, Semih; Möller, Andreas; Inglis, Jeremy D.; Göncüoğlu, M. Cemal; Hefferan, Kevin The age, emplacement, and metamorphic history of the garnet amphibolitic and retrogressed eclogitic slices in the Menderes Massif (Eastern Aegean) have been a matter of debate since the 1990’s. Late Cretaceous garnet amphibolitic and retrogressed eclogitic slices in the Bozdağ and Çine nappes show low-angle tectonic contacts with the surrounding Early Cambrian meta-siliciclastics in the Alaşehir-Yahyaalcı and late Neoproterozoic basement rocks in the Birgi and Tire-Çamlıca Klippe in the northern Menderes Massif. Lower and upper intercept ages on the discordia diagrams of the garnet amphibolitic slices are 82 ± 230 Ma and 554 ± 14 Ma, respectively, in the Yahyaalcı-Alaşehir area of the Bozdağ Nappe; and 96 ± 260 Ma and 550 ± 13 Ma, respectively, in the Camlica-Tire Klippe area of the Çine Nappe. Retrogressed eclogitic slices give dates of 81 ± 13 Ma lower intercept and 546 ± 13 Ma upper intercept discordant ages in the Yenişehir-Kiraz area of the Çine Nappe. Lower intercept age of 81 ± 13 Ma is supported by two spots dated on metamorphic zircons showing positive Eu patterns yielding 86.0 ± 1.3 Ma concordant age. Zircon U-Pb dating on the oscillatory zoning spots are dated as 537.5 ± 1.6 Ma (mean square weighted deviation [MSWD] = 1.5, n = 41) for the garnet amphibolic slices in the Yahyaalcı-Alaşehir area (Bozdağ Nappe), 539.0 ± 1.1 Ma (MSWD = 1.4, n = 56) for the garnet amphibolite slices in the Camlica-Tire Klippe area (Çine Nappe), and 536.6 ± 2.3 Ma (MSWD = 1.7, n = 32) for the retrogressed eclogitic slices (Çine Nappe). These ages combined with Eu negative anomalies on the dated spots are evaluated as representing their magmatic crystallization ages of the protoliths. Garnet isopleth intersections and pseudosections gave pressure-temperature conditions of 14 kbar and ~680 °C for the retrogressed eclogites, whereas garnet amphibolites display disequilibrium in whole rock scale. We propose that the age of their protoliths likely correlate with the Cadomian riftrelated Early Cambrian meta-mafic dykes that were subducted beneath the İzmir-Ankara-Erzincan Neotethyan lithosphere during the Late Cretaceous. The new rutile U-Pb age of 30.1 ± 2.0 Ma supports that the tectonic slices of the İzmir-Ankara oceanic lithosphere and metamorphosed Tauride-Anatolide continental margin were emplaced onto the Menderes Massif to generate the “main Menderes metamorphic terrane” during the latest Paleocene and early Eocene. Sun, 01 Jan 2023 00:00:00 GMT https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12809/10980 2023-01-01T00:00:00Z https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12809/10960 A comparative study to estimate the mode I fracture toughness of rocks using several soft computing techniques Köken, Ekin; Kadakçı Koca, Tümay Fracture toughness is an important phenomenon to reveal the actual strength of fractured rock materials. It is, therefore, crucial to use the fracture toughness models principally for simulating the performance of fractured rock medium. In this study, the mode-I fracture toughness (KIC) was investigated using several soft computing techniques. For this purpose, an extensive literature survey was carried out to obtain a comprehensive database that includes simple and widely used mechanical rock parameters such as uniaxial compressive strength (UCS) and Brazilian tensile strength (BTS). Several soft computing techniques such as artificial neural network (ANN), adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS), gene expression programming (GEP), and multivariate adaptive regression spline (MARS) were attempted to reveal the availability of these methods to estimate the KIC. Among these techniques, it was determined that ANN presents the best prediction capability. The correlation of determination value (R2) for the proposed ANN model is 0.90, showing its relative success. In this manner, the present study can be declared a case study, indicating the applicability of several soft computing techniques for the evaluation of KIC. However, the number of samples for different rock types should be increased to improve the established predictive models in future studies. Sun, 01 Jan 2023 00:00:00 GMT https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12809/10960 2023-01-01T00:00:00Z