Biyoloji Bölümü Koleksiyonu

Fabrication and Characterization of a Multifunctional Coating to Promote the Osteogenic Properties of Orthopedic Implants

Sun, 01 Jan 2023 00:00:00 GMT

Fabrication and Characterization of a Multifunctional Coating to Promote the Osteogenic Properties of Orthopedic Implants Saraç, Nurdan; Koç, Serap; Baygar, Tuba; Özarslan, Selma; Uğur, Aysel Titanium-based alloys are used in orthopedic applications as fixation elements, hard tissue replacements in artificial bones, and dental implants. Despite their wide range of applications, metallic implant defects and failures arise due to inadequate mechanical bonding, postoperative clotting problems, aseptic loosening, and infections. To improve the surface bioactivity and reduce the corrosion rate of the Ti6Al4V alloy, multi-layered coatings (HAp, BG, Cs, and Hep) were applied via electrophoretic deposition (EPD). XRD images showed the presence of HAp within the coating. In vitro investigation: cell line NIH-3T3 fibroblasts were seeded on the non-coated and coated Ti6Al4V substrates, and their cellular behavior was evaluated. The results indicated that the HApBGCsHep coating could enhance the adhesion and proliferation of NIH 3T3 cells. In addition, the potentiodynamic polarization results are compatible with the in vitro outcome.

Volatile Compound Profiling of Seven Tuber Species Using HS-SPME-GC-MS and Classification by a Chemometric Approach

Sun, 01 Jan 2023 00:00:00 GMT

Volatile Compound Profiling of Seven Tuber Species Using HS-SPME-GC-MS and Classification by a Chemometric Approach Korkmaz, Cansu; Hellal, Khaoula; Taş-Küçükaydın, Meltem; Çayan, Fatih; Küçükaydın, Selçuk; Duru, Mehmet Emin Edible mushrooms are important providers of nutrients and are well recognized for their particular organoleptic properties. The volatiles that Tuber releases serve purposes beyond simply appealing to our sense of smell. Truffles have different smells and tastes due to the fact that they contain different volatile components; therefore, aroma is essential in defining the organoleptic properties and quality of truffles. In this research, seven Tuber species, namely, Tuber ferrugineum, Tuber nitidum, Tuber excavatum, Tuber rufum, Tuber puberulum, Tuber aestivum, and Tuber borchii were selected. The primary objective of this study was to carry out the first in-depth investigation of the volatile compounds and chemometric analysis of seven truffle species from the Tuber genus that are grown in Turkey. The SPME headspace combined with GC-MS analysis identified 60 volatiles from different classes, with the abundance of terpenes being followed in a decreasing order by alcohols, aldehydes, sulfides, ketones, and other aromatic compounds. According to the chemometric analysis, methional, 3-methyl-4,5-dihydrothiophene, p-(methylthio) benzaldehyde, 3-octene, linalyl acetate, methyl caproate, and β-trans-ocimene could be highlighted as markers for T. borchii grown in Turkey. This investigation was conducted for the first time using T. ferrugineum, T. puberulum, and T. nitidum. The comparison of the volatile profile of these tubers' species displayed branded differences. Thus, the knowledge gained from this research may pave the way to identify the key aroma contributors in the chosen Tuber species.

Nitric oxide improves the germination of wheat seeds exposed to salinity via modulating sugar and proline metabolism

Sun, 01 Jan 2023 00:00:00 GMT

Nitric oxide improves the germination of wheat seeds exposed to salinity via modulating sugar and proline metabolism Çatav, Şükrü Serter There is a large body of evidence showing the positive effect of nitric oxide (NO) on the growth of plants subjected to abiotic stress but less is known regarding the physiological responses of NO-treated seeds to harsh environmental conditions. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine NO-mediated physiological alterations in germinating bread wheat seeds under salinity. In this regard, NaCl-exposed wheat seeds were germinated in petri plates containing various concentrations of sodium nitroprusside dehydrate (SNP, 25 to 500 µM) for 7 days. Different chemicals, such as potassium ferrocyanide, potassium cyanide, and carboxy-PTIO potassium salt were also used to confirm NO action on germination. Finally, physiological parameters associated with reserve mobilization, oxidative and antioxidative status, and osmoregulation were assayed in wheat seeds treated with NaCl and/or SNP for 2 days. The results showed that 250 µM SNP supplementation significantly improved the germination of wheat seeds exposed to 405 mM NaCl. It was verified that the stimulating effect of SNP on seed germination was not related to molecules (e.g., cyanide and iron) other than NO. In addition, SNP treatment markedly enhanced the activity of alpha-amylase, resulting in an increment in the reducing sugar content of wheat seeds subjected to salt stress. Moreover, 250 µM SNP led to a considerable increase in the proline accumulation in seeds under both control and excess salt conditions (p < 0.05). In conclusion, the current work provides evidence that NO can improve salinity-induced germination inhibition in wheat seeds by regulating sugar and proline metabolism.

Occurrence of Microplastics in Most Consumed Fruits and Vegetables from Turkey and Public Risk Assessment for Consumers

Sun, 01 Jan 2023 00:00:00 GMT

Occurrence of Microplastics in Most Consumed Fruits and Vegetables from Turkey and Public Risk Assessment for Consumers Daniela Giannetto; Aydın, Rana Berfin; Yozukmaz, Aykut; Temiz, Funda Microplastics are transferred to humans through the food chain by consuming food con- taminated with microplastics. However, the knowledge about the risks of dietary exposure for humans to these particles is very limited. Moreover, only a few studies on microplastic pollution in fruit and vegetables have been carried on. Thus, this study aims to investigate the presence of microplastics in some of the most consumed fruits and vegetables (pear (Pyrus communis), apple (Malus domestica), tomato (Solanum lycopersicum), onion (Allium cepa), potatoes (Solanum tuberosum), and cucumber (Cucumis sativus)) from Turkey and to evaluate the potential risk for consumers. Fruits and vegetable samples were purchased from different markets and fruiterer (two of each) in Mu ˘gla province, Southwest of Turkey. Microplastic extraction processes were carried out on the edible parts of the samples. According to the results obtained, a total of 210 particles (2.9 ± 1.6 particle g−1) were detected in all samples. Any significant difference occurred among the different markets. The maxi- mum average amount of microplastic was determined in tomato samples (3.63 ± 1.39 particle g−1). The highest microplastic intake was with tomato (398,520 particles individual−1 year−1 for Estimated Annual Intake (EAI) and Estimated Daily Intake (EDI) for children 68.24 particles kg−1 day−1). The occurrence of microplastics of big size, that are not allowed to pass by plant xylem transport, suggests that fresh vegetables and fruits can be contaminated with plastic, especially during the production phase, during agricultural activities and during the marketing process (transport to the market and purchasing process).