The Reliability and Validity of Modified Four-Square- Step-Test and Step-Test in Older Adults

Abstract

Aims: To demonstrate the reliability and validity of the modified four-square step test (mFSST) and the step test (ST) in community-dwelling older adults. Methods: Fifty older adults were recruited. The test-retest reliability of the mFSST and ST was evaluated with one-hour-interval. The mFSST and ST was compared with Timed up and Go Test (TUG) and Five Times Sit to Stand Test (FTST) to demonstrate concurrent validity. Results: The mean age of the participants was 72.0 ± 5.7 years. The test-retest reliability of mFSST and ST was excellent (ICC = 0.971 and 0.938, respectively). In concurrent validity analysis, the mFSST was strongly correlated with TUG and FTST (r1=0.755,r2=0.575,p < 0.001). Both the ST (right) and ST (left) were highly correlated with TUG and FTST (r= −0.527 to −0.578, p < 0.001). In addition, the ST (right) and ST (left) were highly correlated with FTST (r1= −0.533,r2= −0.527,p < 0.001). Conclusions: mFSST and ST was proven to be valid and reliable in older adults.