Takotsubo (stress) cardiomyopathy in childhood

Abstract

Takotsubo cardiomyopathy (TC) is a significant cause of acute heart failure in adults. However, triggering factors, ECG and echocardiographic findings, and prognosis of TC have not been well studied in children. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the demographic characteristics, signs and symptoms, laboratory findings, and prognosis of children with TC. We analyzed demographic characteristics of childhood TC cases (aged < 18 years) treated at our university hospital from 2014 to 2019. The triggering factors of TC; outcomes of the disease; and laboratory, ECG, and echocardiographic findings at presentation were also examined. A total of 17 patients (mean age 9.71 +/- 5.03 years, 52.9% female) were included in the study. Chest pain, palpitation, and dyspnea were the most common presenting symptoms. The most common triggering factor was emotional stress (47%) in our study population. Ten patients (58.8%) had a classical form of TC, with apical left ventricular wall motion abnormalities. None of the patients died, and 15 (88.2%) had complete recovery of left ventricular systolic function. Only two patients (11.8%) had a left ventricular ejection fraction < 50% at the end of follow-up. Conclusion: This is the first retrospective data on childhood TC. The majority of patients with TC experienced an emotional stress as a trigger of the disease, and nearly 90% of the patients completely recovered.What is Known? center dot The occurrence of acute heart failure following an emotional or physical stress is called Takotsubo cardiomyopathy (TC). center dot Takotsubo cardiomyopathy is rarely reported in childrenWhat is New? center dot The present study is the first case series of children with TC. center dot In contrast to the female predominance in adult population, TC was almost equally distributed between boys and girls in the pediatric age group.