Inhibitory activities of medicinal mushrooms on ?-amylase and ?-glucosidase-enzymes related to type 2 diabetes

Abstract

Mushrooms have been used as a primary source of medicines since ancient times due to the presence of bioactive compounds. Enzyme inhibition is an important field of pharmaceutical research that provides insight into the discovery of a large variety of drugs that are useful in treating many diseases. The inhibitory activities of the hexane and methanol extracts of twenty-four medicinal mushrooms on ?-amylase and ?-glucosidase enzymes related to type 2 diabetes were evaluated in this study. Among all studied mushroom extracts, C. rutilus hexane extract (IC50: 0.05±0.01 mg/mL) demonstrated the highest inhibitory activity on ?-amylase while P. ostreatus hexane (IC50: 0.10±0.01 mg/mL) showed the highest inhibitory activity on ?-glucosidase. The hexane extracts of C. rutilus (98.81±0.01 %), G. adspersum (96.96±0.47 %), G. sepiarium (96.89±1.01 %), and S. granulatus (97.74±0.27 %) displayed higher inhibitory activity on ?-amylase enzyme than acarbose at 1.00 mg/mL concentration. Also, the hexane extracts of P. ostreatus (IC50: 0.10±0.01 mg/mL), M. procera (IC50: 0.11±0.01 mg/mL), P. schweinitzii (IC50: 0.14±0.01 mg/mL), L. gentianeus (IC50: 0.22±0.02 mg/mL), P. pini (IC50: 0.22±0.03 mg/mL) and the methanol extracts of T. pubescens (IC50: 0.12±0.02 mg/mL) and G. adspersum (IC50: 0.20±0.04 mg/mL) showed higher inhibitory activity on ?-glucosidase enzyme than acarbose (IC50: 0.37±0.01 mg/mL). This study with the reported results supported the use of mushrooms in the pharmaceutical industries as natural antidiabetic agents through key enzyme inhibition. © 2020 SAAB