Nanomaterials-mediated oxidative stress in cancer: Recent trends and future perspectives

Abstract

The malignant tissue that is formed as a result of carcinogenesis, which causes the cells to continuously increase their dividing capacity by exhibiting abnormal behavior, may damage the surrounding tissues and prevent vital organs from performing their normal functions, and thus the homeostatic balance of the organism is adversely affected and the patients are also suffered from the damaged surrounding tissues. Cancer is emerging as the second leading cause of death worldwide after cardiovascular disease; it is defined as the disruption of the normal functioning of intracellular signaling mechanisms and the formation of uncontrolled growing cell populations due to genetic and environmental factors. Designing and discovering new cancer treatment strategies and drug components to improve patients’ quality of life and life expectancy by focusing on common mechanisms of carcinogenesis is of paramount importance, and substantial research budgets are spent by governments and research authorities around the world