Electro-nano Diagnostic Platforms for Simultaneous Detection of Multiple Cancer Biomarkers

Abstract

In this study, a bimetallic nanomaterial-based electrochemical immunosensor was developed for the detection of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) cancer biomarkers at the same time. CEA and VEGF biomarkers are indicators for colon and breast cancers and stomach cancers, respectively. During the study, gold nanoparticle (AuNp), lead nanoparticle (PbNp), copper nanoparticle (CuNp) and magnetic gamma iron(III)oxide (Fe2O3 Np) were synthesized, characterized and used together for the first time in the structure of an electrochemical biosensor based on anti-CEA and anti-VEGF. For this purpose, Au SPE based sandwich immunosensor was fabricated by using labeled anti-CEA (labeled with Pb+2) and labeled anti-VEGF (labeled with Cu+2). As a result, CEA and VEGF biomarkers were detected following the oxidation peaks of label metals (Pb+2 and Cu+2) by using differential pulse voltammetry. After the experimental parameters were optimized, the linear range was found in the concentration range between 25ng/mL and 600ng/mL with the relative standard deviation (RSD) value of (n=3 for 600ng/mL) 3.33% and limit of detection (LOD) value of 4.31ng/mL for CEA biomarker. On the other hand, the linear range was found in the concentration range between 0.2ng/mL and 12.5ng/mL with the RSD value of (n=3 for 12.5ng/mL) 5.31% and LOD value of 0.014ng/mL for VEGF biomarker. Lastly, sample application studies for synthetic plasma sample and interference studies with dopamine, ascorbic acid, BSA, cysteine and IgG were carried out.